l carnitine tmao nature medicine 2013 koeth Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis γ–Butyrobetaine is a pro-atherogenic intermediate
Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC Gut Microbiota Dependent Marker TMAO in Promoting Cardiovascular Disease: Inflammation Mechanism, Clinical Prognostic, and Potential as a Therapeutic Target PMC A Multi omic Association Study of Trimethylamine N Oxide ScienceDirect Frontiers The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N oxide and cardiovascular diseases
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